linux

🖥️ System Info Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
date	Show date and time
uptime	Display system uptime
cal	Show calendar
w	Display who is logged in
whoami	Display effective username
finger user	Show info about user
uname -a	Show kernel info
man cmd	Show man page for cmd
df	Display free disk space
du	Display disk usage stats
free	Show memory and swap usage
whereis app	Show where app location is
which app	Show which app

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📂 Directory & File Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
ls -l	List current dir contents (long format)
ls	List current dir contents
ls -a	List current dir contents including hidden
ls -t	List current dir contents sorted by mod date
cd	Change to home dir
cd dir	Change to directory ‘dir’
pwd	Show current directory
mkdir dir	Make directory ‘dir’
rm -r dir	Remove directory ‘dir’
rm -rf dir	Remove directory ‘dir’ (force)
cp -r dir1 dir2	Copy ‘dir1’ to ‘dir2’
cd -	Change to previous working dir

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🗂️ File Management Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
rm file	Remove ‘file’
rm -f file	Remove ‘file’ (force)
cp file1 file2	Copy ‘file1’ to ‘file2’
mv file1 file2	Rename or move file1 to file2
ln -s file1 link1	Create symbolic ‘link1’ to ‘file1’
touch file	Create or update ‘file’
cat>file	Put standard output into ‘file’
more file	Output file ‘file’
head file	Output first 10 lines of ‘file’
tail file	Output last 10 lines of ‘file’
tail -f file	Output ‘file’ as it grows

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🔍 Search & Locate Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
grep pattern files	Search for ‘pattern’ in ‘files’
grep -r pattern dir	Search recursively for ‘pattern’ in dir
cmd | grep pattern	Search for ‘pattern’ in output of cmd
locate file	Find file names quickly

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⌨️ Command Line Control Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
^c	Halt current command
^z	Background current command
^d	Delete char in front of cursor or logout
^u	Erase line
^r	Search recent commands
^a	Move to beginning of line
^e	Move to end of line
^h	Delete char behind cursor (backspace)
up	Move to previous command
down	Move to next command

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⚙️ Process Management Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
ps	Display your active processes
top	Display all processes
kill 5	Terminate process id of 5
kill -9 5	Terminate (KILL) process id of 5
killall proc	Terminate all processes named ‘proc’
bg	List background jobs
fg	Bring most recent job to foreground
fg 2	Bring job 2 to foreground

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🕒 Command History Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
!!	Repeat last command
sudo !!	Repeat last command as root
up	Move to previous command
down	Move to next command
!3	Execute command 3 in history
history	Show command history

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📦 Archive & Compression Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
tar cf file.tar files	Create a tar ‘file.tar’ with ‘files’
tar xf file.tar	Extract files from ‘file.tar’
tar czf file.tar.gz files	Create tar with gzip compression
tar xzf file.tar.gz	Extract files from file.tar.gz
gzip file	Compress ‘file’ with gzip
gzip -d file.gz	Decompress ‘file.gz’